Curriculum Vitae
Books (with ordering information from Amazon.com)
Films, Interviews, Magazine Stories, Forwards, etc.
Consultant to management on human-centered design, 1998 - present.
Head, Appliance Design Center, Consumer Products Group, Hewlett-Packard. Palo Alto, CA. 1997 - 1998.
Vice President and Apple Fellow, Apple Research Laboratories. Apple Computer Inc., Cupertino, CA. 1995 - 1997.
Apple Fellow, Apple Computer Inc., Cupertino, CA. 1993 - 197 ("User Experience Architect" for Apple)
Professor Emeritus, Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, 1993 - present
Lecturer and Research Fellow, Department of Psychology and Center for Cognitive Studies, Harvard University, 1963-1966.
National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow at Center for Cognitive Studies, Harvard University, 1962-1964.
Assistant Instructor and Instructor, Moore School of Electrical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 1957-1959.
Consultant to Industry, 1960 on.
- University of Padua (Italy), S.V. della laurea ad honorem, 1995.
ScienceMedia, an education start-up company, providing rich, graphical simulations for chemistry and biology. San Diego, CA
Knowledgen, a start-up company focussing upon making sense out of information. Sunnyvale, CA.
The Computer Science and Telecommunications Board, National Academy of Sciences, 1997 - 2000.
Advisory board, ISAT (Information Science Advisory Team), Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), U.S. Department of Defense. 1996 - 1997.
Advisory Council, Center for Lifelong Learning and Design, University of Colorado, Boulder. 1995 - present.
Supervisory Board, Apple-Institute of Systems Science Research Center, National University of Singapore. 1995 - 1997.
Advisory Committee, School of Computer Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA. 1995 - 1997.
Advisory Board, Institute for the Learning Sciences. Northwestern University. 1989-present.
External Advisory Council, Nijmegen Institute for Cognition Research and Information Technology, University of Nijmegen (the Netherlands). 1988-93.
Board of Advisors, Association for Software Design, 1992 - present.
Professor Emeritus, Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, 1993 -
Professor and Chair, Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, 1988-1993 (founding chair of the department).
Chair, Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, 1974-1978.
Associate Professor and Professor, Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego. 1966-1993.
Director, Program in Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego. , 1977-1989.
Director, Institute for Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego. , 1981-1990.
First Annual Revelle College Faculty Lecture, University of California, San Diego. April, 1984.
Recipient, Chancellor's Associates Merit Award for Excellence in Research. University of California, San Diego. 1983.
Advisory Committee, Program on the study of work. School of Engineering, Stanford University., Stanford, CA. 1996-
Affiliated faculty, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA. 1993.
Invited speaker and seminar leader, Congreso sobre medios no convencionales de ensenanza, Universidad de Belgrano, Facultad de Tecnologia, Buenos Aires, Argentina. September, 1983.
Lecturer and Research Fellow, Department of Psychology and Center for Cognitive Studies, Harvard University, 1963-1966.
National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow at Center for Cognitive Studies, Harvard University, 1962-1964.
Assistant Instructor and Instructor, Moore School of Electrical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 1957-1959.
Member, National Research Council Committee on "Augmentation of human intellectual functioning." 1989-1994.
Foreign Observer, International Institute for Novel Computing, Subcommittee on human interface computing (Japan). 1990-present.
Visiting Research Scientist, Medical Research Council Applied Psychology Unit, Cambridge, England. October 1985-April 1986.
Faculty member at NATO Advanced Studies Institutes:
Intelligent Decision Aids in Process Environments (San Miniato, Italy), 1985.
The theory and nature of human error (Bellagio, Italy), 1983.
On-line computing in the behavioral sciences (Sheffield, England), 1969.
Techniques and results in the assessment of short-term memory (Cambridge, England), 1967.
Lecturer, People's Republic of China (Hangzhou, Shanghai, Hefei, Beijing). Invited by Chinese Academy of Science. May, 1985.
Organizer, USA-Japan Seminar on Cognitive Science (Tokyo), September, 1980.
Participant, Soviet-American Scientific Exchange Program (Moscow), December, 1978.
Visiting Professor, Department of Psychology (Also, Faculty, Linguistics Society of America Summer Institute), University of Hawaii, Summer of 1977.
Consultant for course on Cognitive Psychology, The Open University, Milton Keynes, England, 1976-1978.
Fellow, Center for Advanced Studies in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, California, 1973-1974.
Member, Advisory Board, GTE ImagiTrek. An "Interactive Multimedia" company. Carlsbad, CA.
Consultant on Human-Machine Interaction to industry, with emphasis on design, interfaces, consumer products, and human error, 1992.
Consultant, Apple Computer, Inc. Cupertino, CA. 1988-1992.
Consultant, Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 1973-1978.
Consultant, Epsco, Inc. (Digital logic design), 1958-1961.
Consultant and Director of the Human Interface Science Advisory Committee, MCC (Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corp.), 1986-1987.
Consultant on Nuclear Power Plant Control Room Operators and Safety, 1981-1984.
Member Technical Review Board, Seabrook Nuclear Power Station (New Hampshire), Probabilistic Safety Assessment Study. (Review conducted by Pickard, Lowe and Garrick, Inc., Irvine, California.) 1981-1983.
Visiting Scientist, User Interface Program, MCC (Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corp.), April-September, 1986.
Keynote address, "Friend-21: International Symposium on Next Generation Human Interface Technologies." Tokyo, 1989.
International Advisor, Sixth Symposium on the Human Interface, Tokyo. October 1990.
Member, Science Advisory Board, Naval Personnel Research and Development Center, San Diego, California. 1982-1985.
Member, Advisory Committee on Machine Intelligence and Robotics, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1977-1979.
Editor, Cognitive Science Journal, 1981-1984.
Series Editor, Cognitive Science Series, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1979-1993.
Editorial Board, Cognitive Science Series, Harvard University Press, 1978-1989.
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, "Editorial commentator, " 1977-1994..
Cognition and Brain Theory, 1980-1984.
Cognitive Psychology, 1969-1982.
Cognitive Science, 1977-1996. (Editor 1981-4).
Consciousness & Cognition, 1991 - present.
Human-Computer Interaction, 1982-1995.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 1977-1982.
Magazine, ACM, 1996-present.
Personal technology, Elsevere.
American Academy of Arts and Sciences (Fellow)
American Association for Artificial Intelligence.
American Association for the Advancement of Science (Fellow) (Resigned in 1994).
Association for Computational Machinery:
Special Interest Group on Artificial Intelligence (SIGART)
Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction (SIGCHI).
Vice-chair, 1985-1987.
American Psychological Association (Fellow) &emdash; (Resigned in 1989 to join American Psychological Society ):
Divisions on Experimental Psychology (Fellow), Teaching of Psychology (Fellow), Applied Experimental and Engineering Psychologists.
American Psychological Society (Fellow: Charter Member). 1988.
Association for Software Designers, Board of Advisors, 1992 - present.
Cognitive Science Society (founding member: Secretary-Treasurer, 1979-1982; Chair, 1982-1983; Board of Directors, 1979-1991).
Federation for Behavioral, Psychological, and Cognitive Sciences: Charter council member (and member of founding committee), 1979-1982.
Human Factors Society. Invited to give Arnold Small Safety Lecture at the 1992 annual meeting (Atlanta, GA). Director, San Diego Human Factors Society, 1982-1984.
Psychonomic Society.
Society for the History of Technology.
Sigma Xi.
Society of Experimental Psychologists. 1975-present.
Society of Experimenting Psychologists, 1964-1976.
Society of Laboratory Users of Computers in Psychology: Steering Committee, 1974-1978.
Graduate students who received the PhD under my direction and selected undergraduate students (current position indicated in parentheses).
For more information on "The LNR Research Group" (LNR = Lindsay, Rumelhart & Norman), see The LNR/CSL All-Year Book, collected by Don Gentner.
Donald Blankenship (Disappeared from sight)
Ross Bott (Senior Vice President, Adobe. San Jose, California)
Marc Eisenstadt (Director, Knowledge Media Institute, Open University. Milton Keynes, UK)
William Gaver (Royal College of Art, London UK)
Dedre Gentner (Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL)
Daniel Graboi (Borrego Springs, California)
Amy Geoffroy (Healthcare, Alltel Information Services, Sunnyvale, CA)
Jonathan Grudin (Department of Information and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine)
Daniel Gruen (Lotus Research, Cambridge, MA.)
Kristina Hooper Woolsey (Distinguished scientist, Apple Computer, Inc. Cupertino California)
Michael Jordan (Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA.)
Yaakov Kareev (Department of Psychology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Jerusalem, Israel)
Serge Larochelle (Department of Psychology, University of Montreal. Montreal, Quebec, Canada)
Matthew Lewis (Former undergraduate: The RAND Corporation. Santa Monica, California)
Mark Miller (Former undergraduate: Consultant, San Carlos, California)
Naomi Miyake (School of Computer and Cognitive Sciences, Chukyo University. Toyota, Japan)
Yoshio Miyake (School of Computer and Cognitive Sciences, Chukyo University. Toyota, Japan)
Yoshiro Miyata (School of Computer and Cognitive Sciences, Chukyo University. Toyota, Japan)
Melissa Monty (Hewlett Packard. San Diego, California)
Allen Munro Director, Behavioral Technology Laboratories, University of Southern California. Redondo Beach, CA)
Michael Mozer (Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado)
David Navon (Department of Psychology, University of Haifa. Haifa, Israel)
Robert Neches (Former undergraduate: Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California. Marina Del Rey, California)
Steve Palmer (Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley)
Clark Quinn (Director of Education Technology, Access Australia Cooperative Multimedia Centre, Sydney, Australia)
Art Samuel, (Department of psychology, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY)
Greg Scragg (PhD in Computer Science: Chair, Computer Science Dept., SUNY Geneseo, Geneseo, New York )
Abigail Sellen (Rank Xerox Cambridge Research Laboratories. Cambridge, UK)
Jeff Sokolov (Former undergraduate: GTE Laboratories, Waltham, MA)
Al Stevens (Kaon, Arlington, Massachusetts)
Henry Strub (Interval Research Corp. Palo Alto, California)
Craig Will (Multimedia Communications Systems Northern, Telecom)
Michael Williams (US West. Boulder, Colorado)
Jiajie Zhang (Department of Psychology. Ohio State University, Columbus)
Bernie Baars
Liam Bannon
Lin Chen
Allen Cypher
Ben duBoulay
Steve Draper
Daniele Dubois
Steve Greenspan
Geoff Hinton
Ed Hutchins
Rutie Kimchi
Marigold Linton
Mark Mattson
Claire O'Malley
Kevin O'Regan
Mary Reilly
Paul Smolensky
Len Talmy
Yan Yufic
Norman, D. A. (1963). Sensory thresholds and response bias. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 35, 1432-1441.
Norman, D. A. (1964). Stochastic learning and a quantal model of signal detection. Transactions of IEEE on Applications and Industry, 83, 292-296.
Goodrich, K. P., Markowitz, J., & Norman, D. A. (1964). An AC amplification system for recording eyeblinks and other movements. American Journal of Psychology, 77, 127-128.
Larkin, W. D., & Norman, D. A. (1964). An extension and experimental analysis of the neural quantum theory. In R. C. Atkinson (Ed.), Studies in mathematical psychology. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Norman, D. A. (1964). A comparison of data obtained with different false-alarm rates. Psychological Review, 71, 243-246.
Norman, D. A. (1964). Sensory thresholds, response bias, and the neural quantum theory. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 1, 88-120.
Pollack, I., & Norman, D. A. (1964). A non-parametric analysis of experiments. Psychonomic Science, 1, 125-126.
Pollack, I., Norman, D. A., & Galanter, E. (1964). An efficient non-parametric analysis of recognition memory experiments. Psychonomic Science, 1, 327-328.
Miller, G. A., Bregman, A. S., & Norman, D. A. (1965). The computer as a general-purpose device for control of psychological experiments. In B. Waxman & R. W. Stacy (Eds.), Computers in biomedical research. New York: Academic Press.
Norman, D. A., & Wickelgren, W. A. (1965). Short-term recognition memory for single digits and pairs of digits. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 70, 479-489.
Waugh, N. C., & Norman, D. A. (1965). Primary memory. Psychological Review, 72, 89-104.
Norman, D. A. (1966). Acquisition and retention in short-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 72, 369-381.
Norman, D. A. (1966). Memory and decisions. Paper presented at Symposium on Memory and Action, XVIII International Conference of Psychology, Moscow, USSR.
Wickelgren, W. A., & Norman, D. A. (1966). Strength models and serial position in short-term recognition memory. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 3, 316-347.
Norman, D. A. (1967). The library and human memory. Final report on mechanized information services in the university library, phase I planning. Los Angeles: UCLA Institute of Library Research. (LI 000 506, available from the Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information as PB 178-442.)
Norman, D. A. (1967). Temporal confusions and limited capacity processors. Acta Psychologica, 67, 293-297.
Norman, D. A. (1968). Toward a theory of memory and attention. Psychological Review, 75, 522-536.
Norman, D. A., & Waugh, N. C. (1968). Stimulus and response interference in recognition-memory experiments. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 78, 551-554.
Waugh, N. C., & Norman, D. A. (1968). The measure of interference in primary memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 7, 617-626.
Lindsay, P. H., & Norman, D. A. (1969). Short-term retention during a simultaneous detection task. Perception and Psychophysics, 5, 201-205.
Norman, D. A. (1969). The computer takes over. Contemporary Psychology, 14, 414-417.
Norman, D. A. (1969). Mathematical models for memory. In A. R. Meetham (Ed.), Encyclopedia of linguistics, information and control. Oxford, England: Pergamon Press.
Norman, D. A. (1969). Memory while shadowing. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 21, 85-93.
Norman, D. A. (1969). Trends in laboratory computers: Will they be big or small, single-purpose or time-shared? Paper presented at Symposium on On-Line Computing, XIX International Conference of Psychology, London.
Norman, D. A., & Wickelgren, W. A. (1969). Strength theory of decision rules and latency in retrieval from short-term memory. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 6, 192-208.
Norman, D. A. (1970). Human information processing. In Psychology today, an introduction. Del Mar, CA: CRM Books.
Norman, D. A. (1970). Learning and memory. In Psychology today, an introduction. Del Mar, CA: CRM Books.
Norman, D. A. (1970). Comments on the information structure of memory. Acta Psychologica, 33, 292-303.
Norman, D. A., & Rumelhart, D. E. (1970). A system for perception and memory. In D. A. Norman (Ed.), Models of human memory. New York: Academic Press.
Carterette, E. C., & Norman, D. A. (1971). On the uses of sensory information by animals and men. In E. F. Bechenbach & C. B. Tompkins (Eds.), Concepts of communication. New York: Wiley.
Norman, D. A. (1971). Human information processing. Viewpoints: Bulletin of the School of Education, Indiana University, 47 (4), 48-65.
Norman, D. A., Phelps, R., & Wightman, F. (1971). Some observations on underwater hearing. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 50, 544-548.
Wickelgren, W. A., & Norman, D. A. (1971). Invariance of forgetting rate with number of repetitions in verbal short-term recognition memory. Psychonomic Science, 22, 363-364.
Norman, D. A. (1972). Project Crovitz. Contemporary Psychology, 17, 641-644.
Norman, D. A. (1972). The role of memory in the understanding of language. In J. F. Kavanagh & I. G. Mattingly (Eds.), Language by ear and by eye: The relationships between speech and reading. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Rumelhart, D. E., Lindsay, P. H., & Norman, D. A. (1972). A process model for long-term memory. In E. Tulving & W. Donaldson (Eds.), Organization of memory. New York: Academic Press.
Norman, D. A., & Abelson, R. P. (1972). Intelligent verbal behavior: Report on a conference. Science, 175, 1024.
Norman, D. A. (1973). Is sensation continuous or quantal? A reply to Corso. Science, 181, 468-469.
Norman, D. A. (1973). What have the animal experiments taught us about human memory? In J. A. Deutsch (Ed.), The physiological basis of memory. New York: Academic Press.
Norman, D. A. (1973). A computer in your briefcase. Behavior Research Methods and Instrumentation, 5, 83-87.
Norman, D. A. (1973). Learning and remembering: A tutorial preview. In S. Kornblum (Ed.), Attention and performance IV. Proceedings of the Fourth Symposium on Attention and Performance. New York: Academic Press.
Norman, D. A. (1973). Memory, knowledge, and the answering of questions. In R. Solso (Ed.), Contemporary issues in cognitive psychology: The Loyola symposium. Washington, DC: Winston.
Norman, D. A. (1973). Portents of change: Some comments. In University of California, San Diego, Extension Course by Newspaper. Del Mar, CA: CRM Books.
Norman, D. A. (1973). The challenge of change: A commentary on the essays of Kenneth Boulding and Herman Kelman. In University of California, San Diego, Extension Course by Newspaper. Del Mar, CA: CRM Publishers.
Rumelhart, D. E., & Norman, D. A. (1973). Active semantic networks as a model of human memory. Proceedings of the Third International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Stanford, CA, 450-457.
Norman, D. A. (1974). Human memory and understanding. In F. Klix (Ed.), Organismimische informationsverarbeitung: Zeichenerkennung-begriffsbildung-problem-losen. Berlin, GDR: Akademie-Verlag.
Norman, D. A., & Rumelhart, D. E. (1975). Memory and knowledge. In D. A. Norman, D. E. Rumelhart, & the LNR Research Group (Eds.), Explorations in cognition. San Francisco: Freeman.
Norman, D. A., & Rumelhart, D. E. (1975). Reference and comprehension. In D. A. Norman, D. E. Rumelhart, & the LNR Research Group (Eds.), Explorations in cognition. San Francisco: Freeman.
Rumelhart, D. E., & Norman, D. A. (1975). The active structural network. In D. A. Norman, D. E. Rumelhart, & the LNR Research Group (Eds.), Explorations in cognition. San Francisco: Freeman.
Rumelhart, D. E., & Norman, D. A. (1975). The computer implementation. In D. A. Norman, D. E. Rumelhart, & the LNR Research Group (Eds.), Explorations in cognition. San Francisco: Freeman.
Bobrow, D. G., & Norman, D. A. (1975). Some principles of memory schemata. In D. G. Bobrow & A. M. Collins (Eds.), Representation and understanding: Studies in cognitive science. New York: Academic Press.
Norman, D. A. (1975). Cognitive organization and learning. In P. M. A. Rabbitt & S. Dornic (Eds.), Attention and performance V. Proceedings of the Fifth Symposium on Attention and Performance, Stockholm, Sweden. London: Academic Press.
Norman, D. A., & Bobrow, D. G. (1975). On data-limited and resource-limited processes. Cognitive Psychology, 7, 44-64.
Norman, D. A., & Bobrow, D. G. (1976). On the role of active memory processes in perception and cognition. In C. N. Cofer (Ed.), The structure of human memory. San Francisco: Freeman.
Norman, D. A., Gentner, D. R., & Stevens, A. L. (1976). Comments on learning: Schemata and memory representation. In D. Klahr (Ed.), Cognition and instruction. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Norman, D. A., & Bobrow, D. G. (1976). On the analysis of performance operating characteristics. Psychological Review, 83, 508-510.
Norman, D. A. (1977). Psycholexicology. Contemporary Psychology, 22, 545-547.
Bobrow, D. G., Kaplan, R. M., Kay, M., Norman, D. A., Thompson, H., & Winograd, T. (1977). GUS, a frame driven dialog system. Artificial Intelligence, 8, 155-173.
Norman, D. A. (1977). Overview. In Cognitive psychology: Course textbook for the Open University, Milton Keynes, England.
Norman, D. A. (1978). The role of active memory processes in perception and cognition. In P. Fraisse (Ed.), Actes du XXI Congres International de Psychologie. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
Norman, D. A. (1978). Notes toward a theory of complex learning. In A. M. Lesgold, J. W. Pellegrino, S. Fokkema, & R. Glaser (Eds.), Cognitive psychology and instruction. New York: Plenum.
Rumelhart, D. E., & Norman, D. A. (1978). Accretion, tuning and restructuring: Three modes of learning. In J. W. Cotton & R. Klatzky (Eds.), Semantic factors in cognition. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
[Translated and reprinted as Faktensammeln, Schemaoptimierung und Umstrukturieren: 3 Arten des Lernens. In Never, H. (Hrsq.), Entdeckendes Lernen. Weiheim, W. Germany: Beltz Verlag. ]
Norman, D. A. (1978). So what should information look like? The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1, 361-362.
Norman, D. A., & Gentner, D. R. (1978, September). Human learning and performance. Naval Research Reviews, 31, No. 9, 9-19.
Norman, D. A. (1978). Stop already, my mind is made up. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1, 589-590.
Norman, D. A. (1978). Analysis and design of intelligent systems. In F. Klix (Ed.), Human and artificial intelligence. Berlin, DDR: Veb Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften.
Miyake, N., & Norman, D. A. (1979). To ask a question, one must know enough to know what is not known. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 18, 357-364.
Norman, D. A., & Bobrow, D. G. (1979). Descriptions: An intermediate stage in memory retrieval. Cognitive Psychology, 11, 107-123.
Norman, D. A. (1979). Copycat science. In R. A. Cole (Ed.), Perception and production of fluent speech. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Norman, D. A. (1979). Knowledge and the use of memory (Enania y rol pamiati). Problems in psychology (Vopros Psichologii), No. 4, 155-161. (Translated into Russian for publication).
Norman, D. A. (1979). Perception, memory, and mental processes. In L. G. Nilsson (Ed.), Perspectives on memory research. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Norman, D. A. (1980). What goes on in the mind of the learner? In W. J. McKeachie (Ed.), Learning, cognition, and college teaching: New directions for teaching and learning. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Norman, D. A. (1980). Teaching, learning, and the representation of knowledge. In R. E. Snow, P-A. Federico, & W. E. Montague (Eds.), Aptitude, learning, and instruction. Volume 2: Cognitive process analyses of learning and problem solving. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Norman, D. A. (1980). Cognitive engineering and education. In D. T. Tuma & F. Reif (Eds.), Problem solving and education: Issues in teaching and research. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Norman, D. A. (1980). Twelve issues for cognitive science. Cognitive Science, 4, 1-32.
Also published in Norman, D. A. (Ed.) (1981). Perspectives on cognitive science. Published jointly by Ablex and Erlbaum. Norwood, NJ: Ablex. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Norman, D. A. (1980, April). Post-Freudian slips. Psychology Today.
Norman, D. A. (1980, August). Why people make mistakes. Reader's Digest, 117, 103-106.
Norman, D. A. (1980). Models of thought. American Scientist, 68, 441.
Norman, D. A. (1981). Categorization of action slips. Psychological Review, 88, 1-15.
Norman, D. A. (1981, November). The trouble with UNIX: The user interface is horrid. Datamation, 27, No. 12, 139-150.
[Reprinted in Pylyshyn, Z. W., & Bannon, L. J. (Eds.) Perspectives on the computer revolution (2nd revised edition). Hillsdale, NJ: Ablex, 1989.]
Norman, D. A. (1981). A psychologist views human processing: Human errors and other phenomena suggest processing mechanisms. Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Vancouver.
[Also translated into Japanese and printed in Psychology, 1983, 38, No. 5, 60-65.]
Norman, D. A. (1981). Comments on cognitive engineering, the need for clear "system images," and the safety of nuclear power plants. Conference Record for 1981 IEEE Standards Workshop on Human Factors and Nuclear Safety. New York: IEEE. (Workshop was held in Myrtle Beach, SC. Pp. 91-92, 211-212.)
Norman, D. A., & Rumelhart, D. E. (1981). The LNR approach to human information processing. Cognition, 10, 235-240.
Rumelhart, D. E., & Norman, D. A. (1981). An activation-trigger-schema model for the simulation of skilled typing. Proceedings of the Berkeley Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Berkeley, CA.
Rumelhart, D. E., & Norman, D. A. (1981). Analogical processes in learning. In J. R. Anderson (Ed.), Cognitive skills and their acquisition. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Rumelhart, D. E., & Norman, D. A. (1981). Parallel associative models of memory: Where do they fit? In G. Hinton & J. Anderson (Eds.), Parallel models of associative memory. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Norman, D. A. (1982, January). The trouble with networks. Datamation, 188-192.
Norman, D. A. (1982). How to make computer systems that people will like to use: Steps toward a cognitive engineering. Proceedings of the Western Electronic Show and Convention (Wescon/82). Anaheim, CA.
Norman, D. A. (1982). Human cognition. Proceedings of the Workshop on Cognitive Modeling of Nuclear Plant Control Room Operators. MIT Endicott House, August 15-18. (Sponsored by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.)
Norman, D. A., & Fisher, D. (1982). Why alphabetic keyboards are not easy to use: Keyboard layout doesn't much matter. Human Factors, 24, 509 - 515.
Rumelhart, D. E., & Norman, D. A. (1982). Simulating a skilled typist: A study of skilled cognitive-motor performance. Cognitive Science, 6, 1-36.
Gentner, D. R., Grudin, J., Larochelle, S., Norman, D. A., & Rumelhart, D. E. (1983). A glossary of terms, including a classification of typing errors. In W. E. Cooper (Ed.), Cognitive aspects of skilled typewriting. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Norman, D. A. (1983). Design rules based on analyses of human error. Communications of the ACM, 4, 254-258.
[Also translated into Japanese and printed in Psychology (1983), 41, No. 8, 62-69. Originally printed in Proceedings of the Conference on Human Factors in Computer Systems. (March, 1982). Gaithersberg, MD: Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology, National Bureau of Standards, U.S. Department of Commerce. Pages 378-382. ]
Norman, D. A. (1983). Some observations on mental models. In D. Gentner & A. Stevens (Eds.), Mental models. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
[Reprinted in R. M. Baecker & W. A. S. Buxton (Eds.), (1987). Readings in human-computer interaction. Los Altos, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.]
Norman, D. A., (1983, September). The DVORAK revival: Is it really worth the cost? cpnews: Consumer Products Tech Group: the Human Factors Society. 8, No. 3, 5 - 7.
Norman, D. A. (1983, October). The computer always rings twice. Psychology Today, 27, No. 10, 46 -50.
[Reprinted in Micro, 1984, No. 5 (Japanese).]
Norman, D. A. (1983, December). Design principles for human-computer interfaces. In A. Janda (Ed.), Proceedings of the CHI-83 conference on human factors in computing systems (Boston). New York: ACM.
Norman, D. A., & Rumelhart, D. E. (1983). Studies of typing from the LNR Research Group. In W. E. Cooper (Ed.), Cognitive aspects of skilled typewriting. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Norman, D. A. (1984). Theories and models in cognitive psychology. In E. Donchin (Ed.), Cognitive psychophysiology: Event-related potentials and the study of cognition. The Carmel conferences: Volume I. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Draper, S. W., & Norman, D. A. (1985). Software engineering for user interfaces. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, (March).
[First published in (1984, March). Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Software Engineering. Orlando, FL. ]
Gentner, D. R., & Norman, D. A. (1984, March). The typist's touch. Psychology Today, 18, No. 3, pp. 66-72.
Norman, D. A. (1984). Cognitive engineering principles in the design of human-computer interfaces. In G. Salvendy (Ed.), Human-Computer Interaction: Proceedings of the First USA-Japan Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (Honolulu, August 1984). New York: Elsevier.
Norman, D. A. (1984, September). Four stages of user activities. In B. Shackel (Ed.), INTERACT '84, First Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (London, September 1984). Amsterdam: North-Holland.
Norman, D. A. (1984). Worsening the knowledge gap: The mystique of computation builds unnecessary barriers. In H. R. Pagels (Ed.), Computer Culture: The Scientific, Intellectual, and Social Impact of the Computer. Published as Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 426. (Whole issue). Pp. 220-233.
Norman, D. A. (1984). Stages and levels in human-machine interaction. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 21, 365-375.
Hutchins, E., Hollan, J., & Norman, D. A. (1986). Direct Manipulation Interfaces. In D. A. Norman & S. W. Draper (Eds.), User Centered System Design: New Perspectives on Human-Computer Interaction. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
[Also published in Human-Machine Interaction (1986). Excerpt reprinted in R. M. Baecker & W. A. S. Buxton (Eds.), (1987). Readings in human-computer interaction. Los Altos, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.]
Lewis, C., & Norman, D. A. (1986). Designing for Error. In D. A. Norman & S. W. Draper (Eds.), User Centered System Design: New Perspectives on Human-Computer Interaction. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
[Reprinted in R. M. Baecker & W. A. S. Buxton (Eds.), (1987). Readings in human-computer interaction. Los Altos, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.]
Miyata, Y., & Norman, D. A. (1986). The Control of Multiple Activities. In D. A. Norman & S. W. Draper (Eds.), User Centered System Design: New Perspectives on Human-Computer Interaction. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
Norman, D. A. (1986). Cognitive Engineering. In D. A. Norman & S. W. Draper (Eds.), User Centered System Design: New Perspectives on Human-Computer Interaction. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
Norman, D. A. (1986). New views of information processing: Implications for intelligent decision support systems. In E. Hollnagel, G. Mancini, & D. Woods (Eds.), Intelligent decision support in process environments. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Norman, D. A. (1986). Reflections on Cognition and parallel distributed processing. In J. L. McClelland, D. E. Rumelhart, & the PDP Research Group, Parallel distributed processing: Explorations in the microstructure of cognition. Vol. 2: Psychological and biological models. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press/Bradford.
Norman, D. A., & Shallice, T. (1986). Attention to action: Willed and automatic control of behavior. In R. J. Davidson, G. E. Schwartz, & D. Shapiro, (Eds.), Consciousness and self regulation: Advances in research, Vol. IV. New York: Plenum Press.
Norman, D. A. (1986). Design principles for human-computer interfaces. In D. E. Berger, K. Pezdek, & W. P. Banks (Eds.). Applications of cognitive psychology: Problem solving, education, and computing. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
[Excerpts reprinted in R. M. Baecker & W. A. S. Buxton (Eds.), (1987). Readings in human-computer interaction. Los Altos, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.]
Norman, D. A. (1987). Cognitive Engineering&emdash;Cognitive Science. In J. M. Carroll (Ed.), Interfacing thought: Cognitive aspects of human-computer interaction. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press/Bradford Books.
Norman, D. A. (1988, March). Infuriating by design. Psychology Today, 22 (3), 53-56. [Adapted from Norman (1988): The Psychology of Everyday Things.]
Seifert, C. & Norman, D. A. (1988). Levels of research. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 10, 490-492.
Norman, D. A., & Levelt, W. J. M. (1988). Life at the center. In W. Hirst (Ed.), Giving birth to Cognitive Science: A Festschrift for George A. Miller. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Rumelhart, D. E., & Norman, D. A. (1988). Representation in memory. In R. C. Atkinson, R. J. Herrnstein, G. Lindzey, & R. D. Luce (Eds.), Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology, 2nd edition. New York: Wiley.
Norman, D. A. (1988). How goes cognitive science? Journal of Artificial Intelligence (Japan). 3, (No. 2: Spring).
Sellen, A., & Norman, D. A. (1989). New technology and human error (A review of Rasmussen, et al.). American Journal of Psychology, 102, 113-122.
Norman, D. A. (1990). Why the interface doesn't work. In B. Laurel (Ed.), The art of human-computer interface design. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Norman, D. A. (1990). Commentary: Human error and the design of computer systems. Communications of the ACM, 33, 4-7.
Norman, D. A. (1990). The mind exists. Commentary on the death of B. F. Skinner. Los Angeles Times (Op-ed page.) Sunday, August 26, 1990
[Reprinted in Vivek: A Quarterly in Artificial Intelligence, 3 (No. 4, October, 1990). (Bombay, India)]
Norman, D. A. (1990). The "problem" of automation: Inappropriate feedback and interaction, not "over-automation." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B. 585-593.
[Presented at the Discussion Meeting, "Human Factors in High-Risk Situations," The Royal Society (Great Britain), June 28 & 29, 1989.]
Norman, D. A. (1991). Cognitive artifacts. In J. M. Carroll (Ed.), Designing interaction: Psychology at the human-computer interface. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Also:
Japanese: in Giyoo Hatano, et al. (Eds.), (1992). Ninchi-kagaku-hando-bukku (Handbook of Cognitive Science ). pp. 52-64. Tokyo: Kyoritsu Shuppan.
Italian: Norman, D. A. Artefatti cognitivi (1991). Sistemi Intelligenti, 3, 453-476.
French: Norman, D. A. Cognitive Artefacts (1993). Raisons Pratiques,
Norman, D. A. (1991). Approaches to the study of intelligence. Artificial Intelligence, 47, 327-346. (Also in Kirsh, D. (Ed.). (1992). Foundations of artificial intelligence. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.)
Norman, D. A. (1991). Questions and answers. In W. Kessen, A. Ortony, & F. Craik (Eds.), Memories, thoughts and emotions: Essays in honor of George Mandler . Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
Norman, D. A. (1991). Preface for Laurel, B. (1991). Computer as theatre: A dramatic theory of interactive experience. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Norman, D. A. (1991). Cognitive science in the cockpit. CSERIAC Gateway, 11 (2), 1-6. Modified version appears as a chapter entitled "Coffee cups in the cockpit" in the book Turn signals (Norman, 1992).
Norman, D. A. (1991). Collaborative Computing: Collaboration First, Computing Second. Communications of the ACM, 34, 88-90.
Norman, D. A. (1992) Design principles for cognitive artifacts. Research in Engineering Design, 3,.
Sellen, A. J. & Norman, D. A. (1992). The psychology of slips. In B. J. Baars (Ed.), Experimental slips and human error: Exploring the architecture of volition. New York: Plenum Press
Norman, D. A. (1993). Cognition in the head and in the world. Cognitive Science, 17, 1-6.
Norman, D. A. (1993). Using names as identifiers. Communications of the ACM, 36, 154.
Zhang, J. & Norman, D. A. (1994). Representations in distributed cognitive tasks. Cognitive Science. 18, 87-122.
Norman, D. A. (1994). How might people interact with agents. Communications of the ACM,
Norman, D. A. (1994.) Power PC Foreword. Foreword to S. Somogyi, The PowerPC Macintosh Book. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Norman, D. A. (1994.) The Unix Hater's Foreword. Foreword to S. Garfinkel, D. Weise, and S. Strassmann, The UNIX-Haters Handbook. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Zhang, J & Norman, D. A. (1994). The representation of relational information. Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Hillsdale: Erlbaum.
Norman, D. A. (1996). Design as practiced. In T. Winograd (Ed.), Bringing design to Software. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Pp. 233-247.
Zhang, J. & Norman, D. A. (1995). A representational analysis of numeration systems. Cognition,
Norman, D. A. (1995). The future of the mind lies in technology. In R. Solso & D. W. Massaro (Eds.), The science of the mind: 2001 and beyond. New York: Oxford University Press.
Norman, D. A. (1995). On differences between research and design. Ergonomics in Design, (April), 35-36.
Norman, D. A. (1995). Designing the future. Scientific American, 271 (9, September), 186-7.
Norman, D. A. and Spohrer, J. C. (1996) Learner-centered education. Communications of the ACM, 39 (4) 24-27.
Norman, D. A. (1996). The Power and Tyranny of Modern Technology. La Recherché (translated into French). Mundo Scientifico, (translated into Spanish).
Zhang, J. & Norman, D. A. (1995). A representational analysis of numeration systems. Cognition, 57, 271-295.
Norman, D. A. (1995). Advanced TV standards: Into the future with jaunty air and an anchor around our necks. IEEE-SMPTE Digital System Information Exchange, Washington DC, August 15, 1995
Norman, D. A. (1996). Life in space. In D. Strong (Ed.), HAL's legacy. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Norman, D. A. (1996, in press) Advanced TV: What does it really mean? Television Broadcast.
Norman, D. A. (1970). Remembrance of things past (Tech. Rep.). La Jolla: University of California, San Diego, Center for Human Information Processing.
Gentner, D. R. & Norman, D. A. (1977). The FLOW tutor: Schemas for tutoring (Tech. Rep.). La Jolla: University of California, San Diego, Center for Human Information Processing.
Norman, D. A. (1977, January). Research considerations in the assessment of the (impaired) elderly. Conference on Cognition and Aging. Seattle: Batelle Research Center.
Norman, D. A. (1979). Slips of mind and an outline for a theory of action (Tech. Rep.). La Jolla: University of California, San Diego, Center for Human Information Processing.
Norman, D. A. (1980). Errors in human performance (Tech. Rep.). La Jolla: University of California, San Diego, Center for Human Information Processing.
Geoffroy, A., & Norman, D. A. (1982). Ease of tapping the fingers in a sequence depends on the mental encoding (Tech. Rep.). La Jolla: University of California, San Diego, Center for Human Information Processing.
Norman, D. A. (1983). Position paper on human error: Responses to queries from the program committee for the NATO Conference on Human Error. Bellagio, Italy.
Norman, D. A. (1983). On human error: Misdiagnosis and failure to detect the misdiagnosis. Manuscript.
Norman, D. A. (1985). The Cognitive Science program at UCSD. M. M. Lucas and P. J. Hayes (Eds.), Proceedings of the Cognitive Curriculum Conference. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester.
Miller, J. R., & Norman, D. A. (1986). Arguments against general-purpose interfaces: The case for specialization. Unpublished manuscript.
Norman, D. A. (1990). Four (more) issues for cognitive science. (Cognitive Science Technical Report) University of California, San Diego. (Invited talk at the tenth annual meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, Ann Arbor, MI. 1989.)
Norman, D. A. (1990). Cognitive science in the cockpit. Paper presented at the Aerospace Human Factors Symposium at the dedication ceremonies of the Human Performance Research Laboratory, NASA-Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA. April 11, 1990. Published as: Norman, D. A. (1991). Cognitive science in the cockpit. CSERIAC Gateway, 11 (2), 1-6. Modified version appears as a chapter entitled "Coffee cups in the cockpit" in the book Turn signals (Norman, 1992).
Hekmatpour, A., Vassigh, A. M., Huang, F., Norman, D. A., & Chen, P. (1990). Conceptual modeling for expert system user interface developments.
Norman, D. A. (1991). Two Kinds of Cognition. CHI-92 Symposium on Basic Research Topics. ACM Computer-Human Interface Conference, 1992. Monterey, CA.
Grudin, J. & Norman, D. A. (1991). Language Evolution and Human-Computer Interaction. Proceedings of the Cognitive Science Society-'91. Chicago. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Norman, D. A. (1992). Donald Norman: Reviews and response. In M. Greenberger (Ed.), Technologies for the 21st Century. Volume 3: Multimedia in review. Santa Monica, CA: The Voyager Company. 47-53.
Norman, D. A. (1992). Where Human Factors Fails: Ergonomics Versus the World of Design and Manufacture. Arnold M. Small Safety Lecture. Human Factors Society Conference, October, 1992. Atlanta, GA.
Norman, D. A. (1995). Technology and Society. Remarks at the acceptance of honorary degree, University of Padua (Italy). Published in the national newspaper La Republicca (in Italian).
Norman, D. A. (1997). Why it's good that computers don't work like the brain. In P. J. Denning and R. M. Metcalfe (Eds.), Beyond calculation: The next fifty years of computing.. New York: Copernicus Press, Springer-Verlag.
Norman, D. A. (1997). Living in space: Working with machines of the future. In D. G. Stork (Ed.), HAL's Legacy: 2001's computer as dream and reality. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Ordering information in
association with
Amazon.com Books
Translations: Danish, German, Italian, Spanish, and Swedish.
Second edition: 1976.
Translations: Italian; Japanese.
Norman, D. A. (Ed.) (1970). Models of human memory. New York: Academic Press.
Lindsay, P. H., & Norman, D. A. (1972). Human information processing. New York: Academic Press.
Translations: Russian and Spanish.
Second edition: 1977.
Translations: French, German, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Spanish, and Chinese.
Norman, D. A., Rumelhart, D. E., & the LNR Research Group (1975). Explorations in cognition. San Francisco: Freeman.
Translation: German.
Norman, D. A. (Ed.) (1981). Perspectives on cognitive science. Published jointly by Ablex and Erlbaum. Norwood, NJ: Ablex. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Translation: Japanese.
Norman, D. A. (1982). Learning and memory. San Francisco: Freeman. (Pointer to Catalog entry in Amazon.com)
Translations: Japanese, Spanish, Russian, Chinese.
Norman, D. A., & Draper, S. (Eds.), (1986). User Centered System Design: New Perspectives on Human-Computer Interaction. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (Pointer to Catalog entry in Amazon.com)
Norman, D. A. (1988). The psychology of everyday things. New York: Basic Books. (Pointer to Catalog entry in Amazon.com)
Translations: Dutch, French, Finnish, German, Italian, Spanish, and Japanese.
Book Clubs: MacMillan (All club special, end of 1988); Quality Paperback Club (Alternate Selection, January, 1989).
Norman, D. A. (1990). The design of everyday things. New York: Doubleday. (Paperback version of The psychology of everyday things, unchanged except for title.) (Pointer to Catalog entry in Amazon.com)
Norman, D. A. (1992). Turn signals are the facial expressions of automobiles. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Translations: Spanish, Japanese, Italian. In progress: German.
Norman, D. A. (1993). Things that make us smart. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. (Pointer to Catalog entry in Amazon.com)
Translations: Italian, Japanese, Chinese. In progress: Korean.
Norman, D. A. (1994) Defending human attributes in the age of the machine. New York: Voyager Books.
CD-ROM containing the full text of The psychology of everyday things, Turn signals are the facial expressions of automobiles, and Things that make us smart, plus selected (previously published) essays, papers, and book chapters, design exercises, homework exams, and video lectures, especially recorded for the CD-ROM. Macintosh only (sorry).
Translations: In progress: Japanese.
Norman, D. A. (October, 1998). The invisible computer. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
(Pointer to Catalog entry in Amazon.com.)
(Pointer to description and excerpts in catalog entry at MIT Press.)
Translations: In progress: Japanese.
Norman, D. A. (1971). Technical director and "anchor man." Human information processing [Film]. Beverly Hills, CA: CRM Productions.
Television show. (1974). Medix: Human Memory. Los Angeles: KNXT.
Norman, D. A. (Interview). (1976). In R. I. Evans, The making of psychology: Discussions with creative contributors. New York: Knopf.
Norman, D. A. (September, 1978). Recipes. "Shark Cabrillo" and "jnd Jalapeño sauce." Sunset, 146.
Editors, Sunset Magazine. (September, 1978). Kitchen for cooking couple in Del Mar. Sunset, 146.
Televisions show. (1979). Ochevidnoe Neveroltnoe [Things possible, yet improbable&emdash;The Sergei Kapitza television show]. Discussion with Sergei Kapitza on perception. Moscow, USSR.
Audio cassette interview. (1979). Understanding Human Memory. [Cassette Recorded Interview]. Psychology Today Cassettes. New York: Ziff-Davis.
Aparicio, Juan Jose (1980). Con D. A. Norman, in Estudios de Psicologia , No. 1, pp. 6 - 29. (Interview took place in Madrid; the publication is in Spanish.)
Compton, M. (1984, November). Don Norman speaks out: An interview with the UNIX system's best known critic. UNIX Review, 2 (November, No. 8). 38-49, 94-96.
Baars, B. J. (1986). Donald Norman: Cognitive science and the future of psychology. The cognitive revolution in psychology (pp. 381-394). New York: Guilford Press.
Hergenhaun, B. R. (1988). Chapter 14: Donald Norman. Introduction to theories of learning. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. (Pages 351-387.)
Television. (1987). The Human Interface [Television Tape produced by the Apple Computer Co.]. Cupertino, CA: Apple Computer Co.
Television (1988). Memory [Canadian Public Television's Vista series.] Toronto, Ontario: TV Ontario.
Allman, W. (June 13, 1988). Horizons: The quest for 'user friendly.' U.S. News and World Report. 104 (No. 23: June 13, 1988). 54-56.
Blake, P. (July 4, 1988). Design: How machines can defeat people: Blame the designers, not the users, says an expert. Time Magazine, 132 (No 1: July 4, 1988), 48-49.
Norman, D. A. (1988). User centered system design. Two hour videotape available from the University of Maryland Instructional Television System. Part of an 11 hour two-day satellite TV course, User Interface Strategies '88 produced by the University of Maryland. Four instructors: Ben Shneiderman, Tom Malone, Jim Foley, and Donald Norman.
Editors, People Magazine (January 9, 1989). In his own words: So you're still having trouble making those Christmas toys work? Don't worry, it's not your fault. People, 31 (January 9, 1989), 91-94.
Rawles, R. (1989). Interface critic considers visual cues, ease of use. Interview with Donald Norman. MacWeek. , March 21, 1989.
Rheingold, H. (1990). Interview with Donald A. Norman. In B. Laurel (Ed.), The art of human-computer interface design. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Radio. August 22, 1990. Fresh Air. National Public Broadcasting. 10 minute interview.
Radio. Sep 6, 1990. Rain. National Public Broadcasting. 15 minute interview.
Television. January 14, 1991. CBS News Night Watch. 20 minute interview.
Rogers, M. (1991) Technology. The right button: Why machines are getting harder and harder to use. Newsweek. January 7, 1991. pp. 46-47.
Wolkomir, R. (1991, October). Can one button-phobic help close the Gadget Gap? Smithsonian, 22, No. 7. Pp. 64--75.
Editor, Marketing Management (Spring, 1992). One-on-one: Donald Norman. Design Disability: The simplest products are almost impossible to use.
Norman, D. A. (November 23, 1992). A technology expert's computer commentary. U.S. News & World Report, 113 (20), p. 102.
Norman, D. A. (1994). Foreword. In S. Garfinkel, D. Weise, and S. Strassmann (Eds.), The UNIX-Haters handbook. San Mateo, CA: IDG Books.
Norman, D. A. (1995). Due o tre cose che so del futuro ("Two or three things about the future." Remarks to the University of Padua). la Repubblica, March 2, 1995. (Daily national newspaper of Italy)
Rheinfrank, J. (1995). A conversation with Don Norman. interactions, 2 (2). pp. 47-55.
Norman, D. A. (1996). Foreword. Nissi, OpenDoc Genesis. Tokyo: Softbank Books. (In Japanese.), iii - viii.
De Young, L. & Winograd, T. (1966). Profile: The design of everyday things. In T. Winograd (Ed.), Bringing design to Software. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Pp. 248-251.
Mitchell, G. T. (!996). Donald A. Norman: Cognitive Engineering. In G. T. Mitchell, New thinking in design: Conversations on theory and practice. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. Pp. 87 - 99.
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